.
Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Information Technology and Knowledge Management Dissertation
Information Technology and Knowledge Management - Dissertation Example As the research stresses information technology is one field in which KM plays an important role in the making or breaking of a company. It should be noted that all IT companies are striving for KM to increase their competitive power and brand value in the heavily competitive IT business world. No It company can survive in this world without updating their knowledge. In fact, the ability to update knowledge works positively in the development of an IT company. This paper analyses the literature to know more about the importance of knowledge management in Information technology industry. According to the report findings Boisot model of KM depend on three factors; codification, abstraction, and diffusion. â€Å"Codification refers to the way we make use of explicit knowledge. In a general formulation, codification is a process by which we create conceptual categories that facilitate the classification of events and phenomena†. Dalkir mentioned about the management of information and data in Boisot model. He has pointed out how Boisot model distinguishes information from data. â€Å"Information is what an observer will extract from data as a function of his or her expectation or prior knowledge. Effective knowledge sharing requires that senders and receivers share the context as well as the coding scheme†. In Boisot model of KM, the abstraction dimension is linked to knowledge creation through analysis and understanding whereas diffusion is linked to information access and transfer.
Monday, October 28, 2019
Willy and Biff - Death of a Salesman Essay Example for Free
Willy and Biff Death of a Salesman Essay Willy Loman is a salesman and Biff is a salesmans son. A lot of what some salesmen do is pump up the things they are selling with a lot of hot air; today this is called hype. Well, for Willy, his first-born son, Biff, is everything in the world. Even back when Biff was a football star in high school, Willy wasnt doing too well any longer as a salesman. This fact made him tired and depressed, but at least there was Biff. Biff was someone who Willy could believe in and admire when everything else was disappointment. And so Willy used Biff as the repository of all of his hopes and dreams and he pumped his son full to the brim with his expectations and praise. How did Biff take to all this adulation? It seems he loved it and believed it. One might assume, though, as he matured, Biff could have thought his father went a bit over board with his praise of him, and he might have begun to suspect that his father lived through him. How many times have we seen the parents of high school athletes who are more competitive at school sporting events than their own kids? Why do you suppose that is? What do their kids think of it? With this symbiotic relationship as the background, Biffs trip to Boston becomes even more horrific. Biff has flunked math, and he goes to Boston, where his father is supposedly working, to get Willy to come home and persuade the teacher to change his grade. There, in the Boston hotel, Biff finds his father with a woman. It is clear to Biff what is going on, and he breaks down right then and there. All the years and years of hot air and hype disappear, and Biff is left with nothing but tears and bitter disappontment in his father and in himself. As Death of a Salesman begins, Biff has returned home after years of trying to find himself, the real self away from his fathers hopes and dreams for him, away from his fathers attempt to live through him. In the end, Biff comes to terms with who he is, and Willy commits suicide still dreaming of Biffs long-awaited success and greatness.
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Essay --
Ashley Saint Paul Composition/P.1 March 10, 2014 Stem Cell Research Modern medicine has come so far: our ancestors were victims to procedures like trepanning, bloodletting by leeches, and more recently prefrontal lobotomies. And yet, modern medicine still has a long way to go. Stem cell research shows great promise for curing common yet debilitating conditions, like Parkinson’s disease, paralysis due to spinal cord injuries, cancer, and many more. One day, things like stem cells could even help us re-grow parts of our body, like vital organs and other body parts. This could extend our lives greatly, but could it also change our society? The growing debate over the ethical aspects of stem cell research has overshadowed all the progress that has been achieved throughout the years. Stem Cell research is vital to our medical world because of all the possibilities it offers, and to waste that would be unfortunate. Controversies surrounding this topic fall under the categories of religious belief, moral and ethical concerns, and politics. Although t here may be a great deal of apprehension when it comes to this topic of discussion, the overall outcome of this research is crucial to our advancement in the medical world. For years Scientists have been trying but to no avail with the help of research to change the game of cancer research when people get sick its always our nature to find a solution cancer research is that solution.The process of finding cures completely 500 million people died die a year from cancer temptations it's a matter of cancer spreading to other areas and then there's the cancer that reoccurs embryonic stem cells have the potential to become anything they want with that kind of power we In 2012 more than 50,159 of ... ...ows considerable potential in helping us to better understand more about the causes of dementia and to find new cures for it. The possibilities derived from stem cell research are very plentiful and pose great potential to the future of the medical world. The amount of diseases it can help cure are almost endless, and it is an amazing aid in helping ease procedures for patients. Although people still have their reservations about this type of research being done, it still a major step for scientist. The whole issue with where does life really begin weather it’s at conception, or at a certain amount of moths, or even when the baby is born, should not be the contributing factor of whether or not this research is furthered. When there is a possibility of saving hundreds of millions of lives, there should be no hesitation as to whether or not to consider this research. Essay -- Ashley Saint Paul Composition/P.1 March 10, 2014 Stem Cell Research Modern medicine has come so far: our ancestors were victims to procedures like trepanning, bloodletting by leeches, and more recently prefrontal lobotomies. And yet, modern medicine still has a long way to go. Stem cell research shows great promise for curing common yet debilitating conditions, like Parkinson’s disease, paralysis due to spinal cord injuries, cancer, and many more. One day, things like stem cells could even help us re-grow parts of our body, like vital organs and other body parts. This could extend our lives greatly, but could it also change our society? The growing debate over the ethical aspects of stem cell research has overshadowed all the progress that has been achieved throughout the years. Stem Cell research is vital to our medical world because of all the possibilities it offers, and to waste that would be unfortunate. Controversies surrounding this topic fall under the categories of religious belief, moral and ethical concerns, and politics. Although t here may be a great deal of apprehension when it comes to this topic of discussion, the overall outcome of this research is crucial to our advancement in the medical world. For years Scientists have been trying but to no avail with the help of research to change the game of cancer research when people get sick its always our nature to find a solution cancer research is that solution.The process of finding cures completely 500 million people died die a year from cancer temptations it's a matter of cancer spreading to other areas and then there's the cancer that reoccurs embryonic stem cells have the potential to become anything they want with that kind of power we In 2012 more than 50,159 of ... ...ows considerable potential in helping us to better understand more about the causes of dementia and to find new cures for it. The possibilities derived from stem cell research are very plentiful and pose great potential to the future of the medical world. The amount of diseases it can help cure are almost endless, and it is an amazing aid in helping ease procedures for patients. Although people still have their reservations about this type of research being done, it still a major step for scientist. The whole issue with where does life really begin weather it’s at conception, or at a certain amount of moths, or even when the baby is born, should not be the contributing factor of whether or not this research is furthered. When there is a possibility of saving hundreds of millions of lives, there should be no hesitation as to whether or not to consider this research.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Dividend Policy Essay
Introduction Refer to Figure 1. Would you say that Montgomery’s policy up to now has been to pay a constant dividend, with occasional increases as the company grows? Montgomery has maintained the dividend policy of paying a regular dividend to their stakeholders. This steady dividend policy increases every time the firm produces. Since 200, the amount committed to paying dividends has grown each year, but particular emphasis has been placed on the figures that show dividends paid on every share. In 2000, they paid$1. 36, 2001 they paid $1.48, 2002 they paid $ 1.70, 2003 and 2004 the firm paid $1.76 each year, and in 2005 it paid dividend per share of $ 1.96 showing a steady increase over the six years. The top-level management has been confident about the constant or slight annual increase of the DPS because of the yearly rise in the overall number of shares every year since 2000 (Baker, 2009). Refer to Figure 2. What type of dividend policies would you say are being practiced by Montgomery’s competitors in the retailing industry? Do you think that any firms are following a residual policy? J.C. Penney 1999           2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005 EPS                $2.75           $2.94  $3.13  $2.91  $2.66  $3.53  $4.70 DPS                $0.92           $1.00  $1.08  $1.18  $1.18  $1.24  $1.48 Payout Ratio     33.5%        34.0%  34.5% 40.6% 44.4% 35.1% 31.5%  Dollar General 1999          2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005 EPS        $0.38        $0.61  $0.81  $1.10  $0.95  $0.23  $0.30 DPS         $0.09       $0.11  $0.13  $0.17  $0.20  $0.20  $0.20 Payout Ratio 23.7%  18%  16.1% 15.5% 21.1% 87.0% 66.7% Wal-Mart Stores 1999     2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005 EPS           $0.16     $0.23  $0.35  $0.48  $0.58  $0.80  $1.10 DPS            $0.02    $0.02  $0.04  $0.05  $0.07  $0.09  $0.12 Payout Ratio  12.5% 8.7%  11.4% 10.4% 12.1% 11.3% 10.9% The main competitors that Montgomery has been competing with are Wal- mart, J.C Penney, and Dollar General. The two firms are using the same policy used by Montgomery as they strive to increase their dividend per share each year. In 2004, despite Earnings per share, reducing by over 75% the dividend per share was held at $0.20. The dollar increased their profits by more than 17% despite the EPS decreasing by 14%. It is clear that a growth and stable dividend are critical factors considered by any growing retail company. We see that Wal-Mart, which is the biggest retail industry, also ignores emphasizing on capital growth as they go for stability in dividend and growth. The same case applies to J.C Penney, who maintains a stable dividend per share despite fluctuations in EPS. Montgomery has the highest average payout ratio compared to even Wal-Mart because of the long period they have been in the industry and with the same dividend policy, their DPS increase every year (Baker, 2009).  Question Two Calculate the expected return to the common stockholders under the firm’s present policy, given an expected dividend next year of $2.10 and a growth rate of 7.1 percent. Montgomery’s stock currently sells for $35.(Use the dividend growth model): Expected return (Ke) = D1 / P0 + g D1 = $2.10, g = 7.1%, P0 = $35, Ke, Expected return to stockholder = $2.10/$35 + 7.1% = 6+ 7.1 = 13.1% Assume that, if Don Jackson’s proposal were adopted, next year’s dividend would be zero, but earnings growth would rise to 14 percent. What will be the expected return to the stockholders (assuming the other factors are held constant)? Adopting Don’s suggestion will see the Stockholders earn no dividend at all, but the growth will increase by 14% with an expected return remaining the same as the growth rate. Expected Return to Stock holders= 0/$35+ 14% = 14%. Don’s suggestion will see the stakeholders enjoy an additional 0.9% on their expected return, thus the need to see the advantages of Don’s policy. Therefore, the firm cannot completely ignore the idea of changing to a residual dividend policy. On the other hand, the same stockholders will only make a 14% gain by selling their shares yet the current dividend policy earns them a 13.1%. Since there are no advantages enjoyed by capital gain as a result of existing legislation, then it could be wise for the Company to maintain the dividend policy they are using. This is because the shareholders could only benefit from residual dividend policy if the firm grew to 14% a fact that is only speculation. If the growth fall below13. 1% then the current system is still the best (Baker &Filbeck, 2012). Question three Don’s suggestion supports the fact that dividend and capital budget should be paid from the current year’s net income, a case that is untrue. This happens because the firm is being limited by the cash they are holding. The company’s balance in 2005 was $3,235,000 being the maximum amount that can be paid to the capital budget together with a dividend without having to outsource for funds or sell its existing assets. Paying dividends from retained earnings will force firms to sell their property since they are not hard cash (Baker &Filbeck, 2012). Question four Don says the cost of the outside financing is more expensive than the cost of internal financing, due to the flotation costs charged by investment bankers. Given the data you have, what would you say is the firm’s cost of internal equity financing?  The cost of borrowing from outside sources will only be higher because of costs incurred during flotation. Assume Montgomery can sell bonds priced to yield 13 percent. What is the firm’s after-tax cost of debt? (The tax rate is 25 percent. Bonds yield=13%. Therefore, after tax cost = 13%, multiply by (1-0.25) = 9.75%. Given the cost of debt and the cost of internal equity financing, why doesn’t Montgomery just borrow the total amount needed to fund the capital budget and the dividend as well. Borrowing money for capital budget and dividend will affect the debt-equity, causing it to be out of proportion as it will increase the cost of financing of debts as well as the costs of all other financial means  (Baker &Filbeck, 2012). Question five Do you go along with Clarence Autry’s comment that it is what the stockholders want that counts, not their total rate of return? Why or why not? Mr. Autry is against the residual dividend policy. This  means that the shareholders will not have a say or preference on the type of repayment they receive for investing in Montgomery as long as they earn the highest returns. If they are given the opportunity to choose, they will not go for that policy. There are no rules for determining whether shareholders can have a preference or how much they will benefit from it, thus making the issue very controversial. But the retailing industry as shown in the figures above for Wal-mart, J C Penney and dollar, they give shareholders a preference which is taking the current dividend paid rather than investing the cash in more attractive investments (Baker &Filbeck, 2012). Question six Barbara Reynolds suggests that, if cash is needed for the capital budget, a stock dividend could be substituted for a cash dividend. Do you agree? How do you think the stockholders would react? Regardless of their reaction, is the stock dividend an equivalent substitute for a cash dividend? As much as the firm is in a position to pay share dividend and not cash dividend, not all stockholders will be comfortable for some will feel that nothing was actually paid to them. This is so because the share dividend is just but a mere paper which the shareholders sign to create more shares. This could only become beneficial if it increased the shareholders total cash dividend which will go into the role of a stock dividend to conserve funds (Baker, 2009). Question seven After all is said and done, do you think the firm’s dividend policy matters? If so, what do you think Montgomery’s policy should be. Whether going for residual dividend policy or payment of a cash dividend, every financial analyst has his or her views. Many would argue that borrowing to invest rather than using the available money would increase costs due to flotation that are associated with borrowing from outside sources hence need to go for a residual dividend policy. On the other hand, Montgomery being an old firm that is used to the current dividend policy will be better off sticking to it. Consequently, leave residual dividend policy for new emerging retail companies (Baker, 2009). References Baker, K. (2009). ‘Dividends and Dividend policy.’eighth edition, Harvard Business School Press: New York. Baker, K. & Filbeck, G. (2012). ‘Alternative investments: Instruments, Performance, Benchmark and Strategies.’2nd edition, Harvard Business School Press: New York.       Â
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Why to be a chemical engineer
An individual should take on chemical engineering due to requirement of diverse knowledge, the striving to better them self, and to increase their potential. In the diverse knowledge column, there are a set of base standards one has to meet. To prepare for such a high paying and Incredible Job, the applicant must have a â€Å"Bachelor's degree In chemical engineering for entry-level; masters or doctoral degree for advanced positions†. (n. Page. With this education one must have, the applicant can really be a dependable to the company's success and can be prone to raises, extra jobs and many opportunities to go deeper in their occupation. When preparing to look into actually becoming and pursuing the occupation of a chemical engineer, applicants are safe under the studies and modern statistics about supply and demand of the occupation Itself. On a Job outlook done by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the statistics stated, â€Å"Demand for chemical engineers' services depends la rgely on demand for the products of various manufacturing industries. (n. Page) To penetrate the demand and supply to a deeper extent, chemical engineering has a shining virtue in the statistics column, there is a 2% unemployment in the engineering fields, yet there are jobs that [not taken]. pig. 2) Also In the preparation portion, advice along with a Job notice states the following preparation for an applicant. â€Å"Be prepared to work In areas of â€Å"blended engineering†where chemical engineering principles walk hand in hand with mechanical, civil, electrical, and/or industrial engineering.Be willing to diversify because you will excel. †(pig. 2) Preparation for this Job is quite simple due to the consistent stated postulate of the job being blended and diversified with other engineering types. If an applicant should ever wonder why the occupation is blended, an actual account of a chemical efferent Job sectors that a chemical engineer can fit into. It is impor tant to do your homework and identify what your interests are up front. You can waste a lot of time and effort if you are taking a shotgun approach.If you are interested in a certain sector or a certain geographic area, you're better off to expend your energies on those Jobs. †With the blend of other engineering occupations, the choice of chemical engineering could benefit a possible applicant by strengthening the weaknesses in parts of their knowledge that are lacking. This blend leads to discipline in the occupation to better the applicant. Not only could this blend draw out discipline in the occupation, but could also strengthen personal and social issues one could have.An engineer with personal experience in these categories advices applicants by stating, â€Å"Work with others it varies from Job to Job, probably from about a 3 Tao 10. Accept criticism. But this is a life issue, not an engineering issue. â€Å"(n. Page) With actual experience and not statistics with stu dies, this valuable advice could prepare an applicant to be disciplined in a different category than engineering itself, therefore, expanding their diversity of knowledge and interaction. These could truly be attributes an applicant would want to desire even if they didn't decide to pursue chemical engineering.In chemical engineering, an applicant would not only want to submerse themselves in complete knowledge of chemical engineering, but also in learning qualifications that could get them noticed and hired. To be a chemical engineer, an applicant should not be only strong in the occupation itself, but also in their interaction and sociability. A chemical engineer informs a group of applicants by stating, â€Å"A lot of my work is team-oriented. I work with a few other people and we all upend on each other to bring certain results or knowledge to the group as a whole so that we can accomplish our overall goal. (n. Page) By having interactive qualities, it is clear and also postula ted that one cannot be an introverted person when looking to get hired. By actual accounts of a chemical engineer, he postulates and informs applicants that, â€Å"All engineers must at some point (if not nearly always) work as part of a group or team, and all engineers must be able to communicate the results of their work – to their peers, supervisors, upper management, subordinates, and the outside world. You could have the most wonderful idea, but if you can't convince others of its merit, your idea will die on the vine. (n. Page. ) With the plethora ideas and accounts of the social and interactive aspects, applicants most likely will look to improve on speaking or getting a certain point or idea across. More information and advice from a group of engineers concludes the interaction and speaking qualities by advising applicants, â€Å"The key, which many engineers and scientists Just don't realize, is not to dazzle the audience with technophobia, but to be as clear, conc ise, and to he point as possible. The hardest thing for many engineers to do is get to the point. This information and advice that is given could strike the desire to expand interactive qualities. Companies are not only looking for social and interactive people, but also responsible applicants. An account of an experienced chemical engineer gives his personal point of view by inferring, â€Å"l would believe that I was hired because I tend to take on lots of responsibility. †An applicant could have all the qualities required to be hired, except for the drawback of irresponsibility. While an individual could be the ND with a high probability not want an irresponsible chemical engineer to be staffed with.If an applicant were to search for a generally high paying Job, they would most likely find that outside of chemical engineering, requirements could possibly appear unreasonable and very rigorous to go through. On a Job that medians at $187,000 per year such as a medical docto r, the requirements would most likely be postulated to be longer, and more rigorous than those of chemical engineering. Statistics and accounts done by Education Portal exemplify requirements of a medical doctor by dating, â€Å"Completing a bachelor's degree program is necessary to prepare prospective doctors to enter medical school. †(n. Page. After accomplishing a bachelor's degree, which takes 4 years of college, the student must proceed to 4 years of medical school. The same education portal informs their audience, â€Å"Medical school consists of four years of medical training and education†¦ The first two years of a prospective doctor's medical school experience are devoted to book study and laboratory work to prepare students for diagnosing and treating illnesses. During the second year of med school, dents take the first portion of the United States Medical Licensing Examination, which is administered by the National Board of Medical Examiners. After these two years of rigorous training and examination, the portal informs students, â€Å"During the last two years of medical school, students begin their clinical experience, going through rotations at clinics and hospitals. Students work under attending physicians to begin their practical training in medicine. †(n. Page) In a total of 8 years of college, which could lead to financial problems, the student would fill the requirements of being a medical doctor. If a graduated high school student were to pick to pursue chemical engineering, they have the possibility and are potentially able to earn Just as much with less requirements.A popular career guidance center informs students, â€Å"A Bachelor of Science degree in chemical engineering is the most common entry- level requirement for Chemical Engineers. †With only 4 years of college and only in the science portion, a chemical engineer has a potential to earn â€Å"$1 1 5,000 or more†(n. Page) per year. With this s alary potential, money spent on college and time is saved to better the encouragement in actually pursuing the occupation of chemical engineering. Leading up to this well-rounded occupation includes many opportunities for experience, life benefits, and a very comfortable potential salary.In the experience column, many encounters by actual chemical engineers advise students, â€Å"Consider participating in an internship with an engineering firm while in college. Most internships are part of a four-year degree program. It will offer you a chance to apply what you have learned in the classroom in an actual work situation and will give you the opportunity to network with people in the field. (n. Page) With these benefits, dents have an opportunity to not go into their occupation completely blindfolded.A career guidance program infers why chemical engineers pick their occupation by inferring, â€Å"They should enjoy making decisions and directing the work of others, as well as be willi ng to improve their knowledge and skills on an ongoing basis. †With this inference that earned positive feedback, these potential encounters could give a chemical engineer the benefits of pursuing that occupation. Life benefits would also pursuing this occupation could potentially earn an engineer â€Å"$1 1 5,000 or more†with also a stated postulate informing applicants, â€Å"it is not uncommon to have incomes ranging from $90,000 to $130,000 or more. (n. Page) This salary would not only draw out applicants who would desire money and being comfortable, but this comfortable living could also be tied in and related to life benefits and experience. To finish off the tied in topics, retirement would not be a problem financially if the certain engineer was responsible with their money. Responsibility was also an inference for qualities an applicant should have which was stated in earlier texts. Ranging from possible, achievable, comfortable, enjoyable, beneficial, and k nowledgeably wide, the occupation of chemical engineering appears to be worth the time and money spent.Salaries tying in with comfortable living can keep a chemical engineer stress free to an extent, and with interaction within the Job itself, can potentially balance personal life, with its own occupation. An actual account of a chemical engineer concludes his interview by stating, â€Å"l believe that a chemical engineer degree is great for opening doors. †This can be agreed with due to all the benefits of pursuing the career of chemical engineering stated previously. As a Heimlich engineer himself said, this great and worth-while occupation has potential to open your doors.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Escape From Slavery ; Maya Angelou, Journey of the Heart essays
Escape From Slavery ; Maya Angelou, Journey of the Heart essays I read Escape from Slavery and Maya Angelou Journey of the Heart. I thought both stories had a lot in common but there were some differences. For instance, Escape from Slavery had a different setting, characters, and climax from Journey of the Heart. Escape from Slavery was setting in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at a hotel, on a steamboat, and on a plantation. Journey of the Heart was setting in the Capitol Building of Washington D.C., Egypt, and Ghana. In Philadelphia, many slaves are trying to escape from their masters. In boxes, dressing up as a white person, and even hiding on trains or ships. At the hotel, one slave and her boys were told to stay put by their master. The slave would whisper help me to free blacks. Luckily, she was saved by a white. At the Capitol Building in Washington D.C. a famous woman speaks at a podium for black rights. The characters in Escape from Slavery were mainly slaves. Their names were Eliza, Dosha, Henry Brown, Passmore Williamson, Jane Johnson, and William Craft. In Journey of the Heart there was mainly one character, Maya Angelou. All the characters in Escape from Slavery were slaves except for Passmore Williamson. Passmore helped Jane Johnson with her escape from slavery. Maya Angelou was a poet, author, activist, entertainer, and a professor. She helped fight for blacks rights. Both stories had similar climaxes. Escape from Slavery ended with the slaves being free and everyone happy. In Journey of the Heart Maya was very happy that she accomplished all her deeds and spoke to people and made her purpose on this planet. These stories couldnt have been said better. The endings were great. In conclusion, Escape from Slavery and Maya Angelou Journey of the Heart had many compares and contras ...
Monday, October 21, 2019
Fathers Day Messages of Love
Fathers Day Messages of Love Have you read about Team Hoyt? Dick Hoyt and Rick Hoyt, the father-son duo who surmounted all odds to prove that anything is possible if you believe. Rick Hoyt, a quadriplegic with cerebral palsy and his dad Dick Hoyt are an inseparable team that competes in triathlons, marathons, and other races. Together, they have competed in over a thousand athletic activities. Their story speaks of inspiration, endurance, and love. A father who will stop at nothing to give his son a fulfilling life. A son who worships his father and enthusiastically participates in his fathers mission. The Hoyt team is truly a remarkable icon of father-son love. In everyday life, we come across many such devoted fathers. Your dad may not perform extraordinary feats to prove his fatherly love. But his simple gestures will convince you how much he loves you. He may not express his love with words or gifts. But actions speak louder than words. Notice how protective he gets about you? Watch the worry lines crease his forehead when he is unable to fulfill your desires? That speaks of love. Fathers Day Messages Help Bridge the Gap Many dads experience a strange awkwardness at expressing their feelings towards their kids. It gets tougher as kids grow up. When children attain teenage, the father-child relationship can get strained. Have you ever been given the cold shoulder, or the silent treatment, by your teenage daughter? The problem may not be you, it could be the teenage phase. Teenage can be difficult for fathers and children. Fathers need to handle this difficult phase with sensitivity. As a father, you need to express your love and support to your child. Sometimes, words may be difficult. However, these Fathers Day quotes and sayings can help express your feelings. You can reach out to your son or daughter with thoughtful, sweet quotes. Shower Your Father With Love Your father, however tough he may be from the outside, is a softhearted man. He needs your love just as much as you need his. On Fathers Day, break the barrier of awkwardness and express yourself. With a meaningful Fathers Day message, you can reach out to him. Barack Obama Above all, children need our unconditional love, whether they succeed or make mistakes; when life is easy and when life is tough. Dick Hoyt When we got home from that race that night, Rick wrote on the computer, Dad, when I run it feels like my disability disappears. So, that was a very powerful message to me. Reed Markham Being a great father is like shaving. No matter how good you shaved today, you have to do it again tomorrow. Mark Wahlberg I stopped smoking weed for my kids. One day, we were driving and you could smell it from somewhere. My daughter asked what the smell was so I told her it was a skunk. Then she said, ‘Sometimes Daddy smells like that!’ to me and my wife. So I knew I had to quit. Tiger Woods Giving my son, Charlie, a bath, for example, beats chipping another bucket of balls. Making mac and cheese for him and his sister, Sam, is better than dining in any restaurant. Sharing a laugh watching cartoons or reading a book beats channel-surfing alone. Some nights now, it’s just me and the kids, an experience that’s both trying and rewarding. Probably like the experience a lot of families have every evening around the world. Brandon Routh, Superman Returns You will make my strength your own. You will see my life through your eyes, as your life will be seen through mine. The son becomes the father and the father becomes the son. George Banks, Father of the Bride Ive always been a concerned parent. Im big on car seats, seat belts, bed times, curfews, calling when you get somewhere, never running with a sharp object. What can I say? Im a father. Worrying comes with the territory. Robert Downey Jr. Do I want to be a hero to my son? No. I would like to be a very real human being. Thats hard enough. Jay-Z I thought I would be more inspired to have all these new feelings to talk about, but I really just want to hang out with my daughter. Dave Barry For Dad, the perfect Fathers Day would be one in which he didnt even realize that it was Fathers Day, because nobody was making him appreciate gifts he didnt want, or read greeting cards filled with lame Fathers Day poetry. Lydia M. Child Blessed indeed is the man who hears many gentle voices call him father! John Sinor It is admirable for a man to take his son fishing, but there is a special place in heaven for the father who takes his daughter shopping. Aeschylus Honour thy father and thy mother stands written among the three laws of most revered righteousness. Dan Zevin Lately all my friends are worried that theyre turning into their fathers. Im worried that Im not. Mike Sager The reward of child rearing is spending the rest of your life proudly knowing this person you helped guide. Let him be himself. Jean Paul Richter The words that a father speaks to his children in the privacy of home are not heard by the world, but, as in whispering-galleries, they are clearly heard at the end and by posterity. Louisa May Alcott Father asked us what was Gods noblest work. Anna said men, but I said babies. Men are often bad, but babies never are. Bruce Springsteen In the early years, I found a voice that was my voice and also partly my fathers voice. But isnt that what you always do? Why do kids at 5 years old go into the closet and put their daddys shoes on? Hey, my kids do it. Will Arnett I want my son to wear a helmet twenty four hours a day.
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Printable Metric Conversion Quiz
Printable Metric Conversion Quiz Do you feel confident about your ability to make metric to metric unit conversions? Heres a quick little quiz you can take to test your knowledge. You can take the quiz online or print it out. You may wish to review metric conversions before taking this quiz. An online version of this quiz is available if you prefer to be scored as you take the quiz. TIP:To view this exercise without ads, click on print this page. There are ___ in 2000 mm?(a) 200 m(b) 2 m(c) 0.002 m(d) 0.02 mThere are ____ in 0.05 ml?(a) 0.00005 liters(b) 5 liters(c) 50 liters(d) 0.0005 liters30 mg is the same mass as:(a) 300 decigrams(b) 0.3 grams(c) 0.0003 kg(d) 0.03 gThere are ____ in 0.101 mm?(a) 1.01 cm(b) 0.0101 cm(c) 0.00101 cm(d) 10.10 cm20 m/s is the same as:(a) 0.02 km/s(b) 2000 mm/s(c) 200 cm/s(d) 0.002 mm/s30 microliters is the same as:(a) 30000000 liters(b) 30000 deciliters(c) 0.000003 liters(d) 0.03 milliliters20 grams is the same as:(a) 2000 mg(b) 20000 mg(c) 200000 mg(d) 200 mg15 km is:(a) 0.015 m(b) 1.5 m(c) 150 m(d) 15000 m30.4 cm is:(a) 0.304 mm(b) 3.04 mm(c) 304 mm(d) 3040 mmThere are ____ in 12.0 ml?(a) 0.12 l(b) 0.012 1(c) 120 l(d) 12000 l Answers:1 b, 2 a, 3 d, 4 b, 5 a, 6 d, 7 b, 8 d, 9 c, 10 b
Saturday, October 19, 2019
History and Philosophy of Physical Education and Sport. Academic Essay
History and Philosophy of Physical Education and Sport. Academic Secondary Sources and Media Sources paper - Essay Example This program aimed at developing and nurturing athletes to win gold medals for the magnificence of East German. These athletes were sacrificed for the glory of the country. These athletes were treated as experimental guinea pigs for performance enhancing drugs and were dropped if they were not productive (Kremenik et al, 2007). However, the facts of the East German case show that the athletes were forced to use the blue steroid pills. The athletes were informed that the pills were vitamin pills. This was a top secret plan that was pioneered by the Olympic head, Ewald (Kremenik et al, 2007). Because of their greed for East German’s magnificence, they lied to the athletes and eventually led to the deterioration of the health condition of numerous athletes. It is imperative to identify that the primary aim of Olympics is not just breaking records, but the feeling of energy that is generated. If athletics was about breaking records then every athlete would make attempts to enhance his or her performance by tying motors on their feet. Doping is a contentious and regular topic in athletics (Pound, 2010). The use of drug enhancing substances not only puts the health of the athlete in danger but also risks losing his or her medal. Athletes represent the vibrancy, human health and the satisfaction of potenti al. This constitutes the reasons why the International Olympics Committee does not allow doping. Notably, doping makes athletics unfair (Pound, 2010). Athletics should be fair and should offer a ground where the athletes are only differentiated by the level of their skills alone. However, the East German case is a different case where the athletes were subjected to the blue steroid pills. The International Olympics Committee was marred with a huge disconnect with scientific research and despite various researches that were
Friday, October 18, 2019
WEB SITE RESEARCH PROJECT (US History) Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
WEB SITE PROJECT (US History) - Research Paper Example An influential American artist during that time was Jackson Pollock. It was in the middle of the 1940s when Pollock introduced his drip method which immediately attracted the attention of the American public since it was unconventional. The drip method defied the conventional use of the easel for painting, instead, stick and stiff brushes were used by Pollock. The drip method of painting can be considered as the origin of action painting which is popularly held annually is public museums. Moreover, Pollock painted on the floor, not in the traditional upright position. Again, he was making a statement, trying to defy the traditional method practiced during his time. It can also be inferred from the presentation that Pollack achieved cult status since he was credited for changing the face of art through American methods. The website chosen is an article about Jackson Pollock. This article was chosen over other websites since it portrays and analyzes not only the works of the man but the man himself too.The article titled â€Å" Last Dance†is an art review of the works done by Pollock throughout his career. It was titled â€Å"Last Dance†since the critic sees Pollock as a graceful dancer when executing his paintings. As Haber claims â€Å"He laid it on with care, in dabs of black and skeins of intense color. He let it run off as he circled a canvas, as if it flowed from the motion of his body†( paragraph 1 ). This article highlights Pollock’s genius in combining murals and drama as expressed by the use of Cubism, similar to that of Mexican muralists. After criticizing Pollock’s self-portrait, the critic then narrates the interesting and exciting journeys of Pollock into his life as an artist. The critic considers Pollock a rebel in expressing Abstract Art through his ( Pollock’s) extensive use of drippings that seem to be random but would converge later and produce a work of Art. In fact Haber’s critic
Phases of a trial Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Phases of a trial - Essay Example Based on the potential jurors’ responses to questioning, the judge can excuse them at this stage. In addition, using challenges ‘for cause’ and ‘peremptory challenges,’ both the prosecution and the defense may leave out some jurors at this stage. A judge can use a peremptory challenge to leave out a juror for any non-discriminatory cause. On the other hand, the judge can use a challenge for cause to leave out a juror who has proved that he/she cannot be truthfully objective in the decision of a case (â€Å"Trial†1). Menard explains that the questioning process goes on until all parties’ attorneys become satisfied with the jury’s composition or exhausts all challenges that law permits. To make sure that there are enough jurors for deliberation, alternate jurors are essential. The judge decides when to excuse alternate jurors (9). After jury selection, the first dialogue at trial is in the form of two opening statements, one from the defense and the other from the prosecutor on government’s behalf. At this stage, no physical evidence is used and no witnesses testify. The prosecutor gives his/her opening statement first and in most cases, it is more detailed than that of the defense since the government has the ‘burden of proof’ as to the guilt of the defendant. In some cases, prior to making its opening statement, the defense may wait until the main case of the government comes to conclusion. During the opening statements, the prosecutor submits the case’s facts, from the perspective of the government, and takes the judges through the proof that the government will make. Additionally, the defense presents its own interpretation of the facts to the jury, and establishes the basis for the presentation of any legal defenses to the charged crime(s) and the rebuttal of key government evi dence (â€Å"Trialâ€
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Religious Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Religious - Essay Example Such trips were necessitated by the requests of the father as well as studies [Marquita, Breit, Patricia, Burton & Paul [2002]. In 1930, Thomas Merton joined Oakham Public School during which time, Owen his father, died. However although the death affected Thomas Merton who sought support and financial help from the uncle was co-operative and finances to Thomas Merton was never a problem. Thomas Merton often received help from Tom Bennett, Owen’s former physician who was very supportive of Thomas as was the aunties and uncles. It was in 1932 during one of his visits to his grandparents in New York that Thomas Merton decided to venture into journalism by co-editing the school’s journal. In 1933, Thomas Merton visited Italy where he stayed in Rome where Merton acquired a Bible and become religious, severally praying asking God to ‘deliver him from darkness’. Up to when Thomas Merton was still faced many challenges such as not being aware of what he really wanted to become even as a college student at Clare College, Cambridge. In 1938, Thomas Merton then a student in Columbia came into contact with a Hindu monk called Mahanambrata Brachmachari, who influenced him in that instead of converting him into Hindu, Brachmachari encouraged the young Thomas to remain steadfast in Catholicism. Gandhi had an influence in shaping the future of the man in that, Merton was an admirer of Gandhi. Such events culminated in the Baptism of Thomas Merton in 1938. In 1941, Thomas Merton finally became committed to Catholicism and eventually graduated into a Catholic priest in 1949. Thomas Merton died in 1968 in Bangkok, Thailand. Thomas Merton continues to influence the live s of many as a writer, teacher, a priest and a family man. Howard was born several years after the birth of Thomas Merton in 1939. Unlike Thomas Merton, Howard went on to join active politics and eventually became the Prime Minister of
Cyber attack why and how Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1
Cyber attack why and how - Research Paper Example ernet governance is subjected to various political and economic difficulties along with lack of opportunities for assessing different regulatory policies (Shackelford, 2014, p.3). Those who engage in cyber attacks are taking advantage of the fact that any kind of cyber security is far from foolproof. It is possible to exert attack on any secured computer network providing the attacker has the time and resources. This paper will focus on the reasons and process of cyber attacks. Human beings are today increasingly becoming dependent on the Internet with purposes as varied as basic browsing for garnering information to business and monetary transactions. This has no doubt emphasized the expanse of cyberspace and with it enhanced cyber security against potential cyber threats which has been described as â€Å"criminal acts committed using electronic communications networks and information systems or against such networks and systems†(Lagazio et al., 2014, p.59). There are typically three categories of cyber attacks. First, unauthorized intrusions which means the attacker enters another computer system by hacking techniques. Second, viruses or worms that can be transmitted through emails in order to disrupt or delete all data in another computer. Third is denial of service attacks which destroys the functionality of another computer by inundating it with communications (Howitt & Pangi, 2003, p.221). The ubiquity of the Internet has opened avenues for c riminals to execute cyber crimes and use cyber space as their criminal den. When organizations and individuals perform their personal and business activities on the Internet, they remain unaware that the same cyber space is also becoming grounds for criminals to base their cyber attacks. Although this is an indisputable fact that cyber space needs to be protected from such criminals, it is at the same time true that computer engineers have yet to fully comprehend the extent of cyber crime and its consequences. This lack
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Religious Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Religious - Essay Example Such trips were necessitated by the requests of the father as well as studies [Marquita, Breit, Patricia, Burton & Paul [2002]. In 1930, Thomas Merton joined Oakham Public School during which time, Owen his father, died. However although the death affected Thomas Merton who sought support and financial help from the uncle was co-operative and finances to Thomas Merton was never a problem. Thomas Merton often received help from Tom Bennett, Owen’s former physician who was very supportive of Thomas as was the aunties and uncles. It was in 1932 during one of his visits to his grandparents in New York that Thomas Merton decided to venture into journalism by co-editing the school’s journal. In 1933, Thomas Merton visited Italy where he stayed in Rome where Merton acquired a Bible and become religious, severally praying asking God to ‘deliver him from darkness’. Up to when Thomas Merton was still faced many challenges such as not being aware of what he really wanted to become even as a college student at Clare College, Cambridge. In 1938, Thomas Merton then a student in Columbia came into contact with a Hindu monk called Mahanambrata Brachmachari, who influenced him in that instead of converting him into Hindu, Brachmachari encouraged the young Thomas to remain steadfast in Catholicism. Gandhi had an influence in shaping the future of the man in that, Merton was an admirer of Gandhi. Such events culminated in the Baptism of Thomas Merton in 1938. In 1941, Thomas Merton finally became committed to Catholicism and eventually graduated into a Catholic priest in 1949. Thomas Merton died in 1968 in Bangkok, Thailand. Thomas Merton continues to influence the live s of many as a writer, teacher, a priest and a family man. Howard was born several years after the birth of Thomas Merton in 1939. Unlike Thomas Merton, Howard went on to join active politics and eventually became the Prime Minister of
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
Is Technology Killing Middle-Income Jobs in the U.S Essay
Is Technology Killing Middle-Income Jobs in the U.S - Essay Example While some middle-class workers have joined the top levels of income, a greater number of the middle-class workers have been pushed down to the lower-wage and lower-skill service jobs (Zaccone 1). The actual situation is worse than what it seems to be when studied from the surface. A vast majority of the jobs that have been lost are the ones that might never return, and the experts of the labor market consent that more of them are expected to disappear in the near future (Condon and Wiseman). These jobs from the US are neither only being lost to such developing countries as China nor are they simply factory work. These jobs are increasingly being lost in the service sector that is home to almost two-thirds of all middle-class workers in the US. Technology is rapidly obliterating these jobs. â€Å"If it’s not solved, then in the coming decades you can expect a self-perpetuating privileged elite to accrue more and more of the wealth generated by software and robots, telling the mselves that they’re carrying the entire world on their backs†(Evans). Science fiction has been warning of a future in which man would design his own obsolescence as he would be replaced by machines for decades, and that future has already become the present. The influence of technology on the contemporary systems and organizations is tremendous. Indeed, many of the contemporary systems fundamentally depend upon technology. Benefits derived from the use of technology in the workplace include but are not limited to improved productivity, improved and consistent quality of work, increased reliability of work, and streamlining and organization of different units in the system. Use of technology has benefited the entrepreneurs in two fundamental ways; firstly, it has increased the productivity and quality of work so that there are no reworks and wastage of time, and secondly, increased dependence on technology has reduced the need for manual labor, thus cutting down the co sts of businesses by obviating the need for the entrepreneurs to pay the workers. While on one hand, this has made the circumstances extremely favorable for the entrepreneurs and business owners, the situation is far worse for the workers on the other hand. The richest 1 per cent of the Americans have experienced a growth of 33 per cent in their income over the last two decades and have thus left a vast majority of the average Americans in the dust (Censky). â€Å"Today the top 1 percent of Americans control 43 percent of the financial wealth†¦while the bottom 80 percent control only 7 percent of the wealth†(â€Å"American Pie†). The widening gap between the rich and the poor is explained by two fundamental factors; globalization and technological advancement. Contemporary organizations are tremendously dependent upon the technology which can in part be attributed to the rapid advancement of technology. Software that are employed in running the computers and a ho st of devices and machines are upgraded every single year so that they become more powerful and sophisticated. One of the main objectives of designing and introducing new models in the market is to improve the machines’ capability of performing the tasks traditionally performed by manual workforce more efficiently. â€Å"The jobs that are going away aren't coming back. I have never
Monday, October 14, 2019
Understand Health and Social care in settings Essay Example for Free
Understand Health and Social care in settings Essay Understand Health and Safety in Social Care Settings 8Understand how to promote environmental safety procedures in the social care setting 8. 4Explain the importance of having an emergency plan in place to deal with unforeseen incidents Having an emergency plan in place, helps people to deal with things in an emergency. It lays out what should be done and how things should be handled. The idea behind an emergency plan is to meet specific needs. In the event of a fire or gas leak, it lays out exactly what needs to be done to handle the situation. It provides strategies and ways to handle. For example, in the event of a fire, it would outline what procedure to follow. This can include how to raise the alarm, how to handle the situation and who and when to contact people. It would also outline who is in charge of the certain situation, for example, who is in charge of fire safety. An emergency plan has reporting measures. This is useful in reporting back findings and assessing situations and how they could be handled differently or improved on. In the event of an emergency, an emergency plan establishes authority. It lays out who should be doing what and who needs to take charge of the whole situation. Everybody knows exactly what to do, where to be and there is no confusion. The plan includes emergency evacuation routes. This is crucial in health and safety as it ensures that all involved are able to find the quickest and safest way of leaving the building. This can help to reduce injury and save lives. An emergency plan enables training opportunities. It can identify who is trained, who needs training and any additional training that may be needed to handle such emergencies. An emergency plan also enables co-ordination with other agencies. It enables the company and outside agencies to work together to ensure that training is all up-to-date and should there be an unforeseen circumstance, all persons involved know what to do. It ensures that the Company is able to handle such situations and that they are doing everything they can to prevent such incidents. This can show that the Company has Fire Safety checks in place and up to date for example. Emergency plans are paramount in dealing with incidents and unforeseen circumstances should they occur. They ensure that all involved know what to do and how to handle things. It can help reduce injury and save lives. It keeps people up-to-date with training and raises awareness. 9Understand how to manage stress 9. 1Describe common signs and indicators of stress Stress in a normal physical response to events or happenings that make you feel threatened or unbalanced in one way or another. When the body senses danger, whether it is real or imagined, the body kicks into action and creates as an automatic response known as the stress response. The stress response is the body’s way of protecting you. When it is working properly, it enables you to stay balanced, focused and alert. Sometimes the stress response can save your life; it is the body’s way of dealing with things quickly. Although stress can help your body, after a certain point, it can start causing major damage to your health. Stress affects your quality of life and mood. There are a number of signs and symptoms to stress that you need to look out for and can include the following; 1. Cognitive Symptoms Memory Problems – Stress can cause you to forget things. The body worries that much about what is happening or what needs to be done that it can cause memory problems. Inability to concentrate – There is that much playing on the mind that stress can cause the body to have an inability to concentrate. There is lack of focus in life and this can be the body’s way of recognising this. Poor judgement – Stress can cause you to make inappropriate judgements and handle things in a different way. Seeing only the negative – The stress that you are experiencing can cause lack of motivation and energy. Sometimes people feel that there is no way forward and they can only see negative things happening to them or around them. Anxious thoughts – The body feels that there is so much going on and may not be able to cope with what is happening. This causes you to become restless and anxious. Constant worrying – Stress can cause over load on the body and this in turn can cause the body to find it hard to handle things. You start to constantly worry about what is happening and what is going to happen. 2. Emotional Symptoms Moodiness – People handle stress in different ways. Stress and the changes in the body can cause you to have mood swings that you find difficult to control. Agitation – This can be the bodies’ way of dealing with stress. As things are happening and changing around you, it can cause you to become agitated. Feeling overwhelmed – This can be caused be stress. There is so much happening and going on around you, that you may feel things are becoming too much. You may feel that things are out of your hands and you do not know what to do. Sense of isolation – Stress can cause you to isolate yourself off from others and your surroundings. You do not know how to handle things that you cut yourself off from the outside world and become isolated. Depression – Depression can be very serious, and left untreated can cause suicidal thoughts. You can become that stressed; you become low in mood and cannot see any way out. 3. Physical Symptoms Aches and pains – The body can become tired from stress and as a result you become run down. The body has general aches and pains. Many people may not associate this with stress but it is something to look out for. Nausea and Diarrhoea – Nausea or sickness and diarrhoea can be a common sign of stress. The body becomes run down and drained and this is the body’s way of coping. Left untreated, this can be serious for the body. Chest pain – Chest pain can be a physical symptom of stress and can be quite serious if ignored and left untreated. The amount of stress the body is enduring becomes too much and this is the bodies way of coping with it. Frequent colds – Frequent colds can be a sign that the body is run down and this can be a cause of stress. Again, this is something that some people may not associate with stress but it is something to look out for. 4. Behavioural Symptoms Eating more or less – One way of dealing with stress is to over eat or under eat. When people become stressed some people indulge on extra foods that they enjoy for comfort. Others, on the other hand, may find themselves under eating to help cope with stress. Sleeping too much or too little – Stress can take the energy out of the body and therefore make you want to sleep more. Also, because you have so much playing on your mind, it can cause lack of sleep due to worry. Isolation yourself from others – By isolating yourself from others, you are at a greater vulnerability to stress. However, stress can cause you to isolate yourself from others because you start to feel so low. Neglecting responsibilities – Stress can make people feel that low and they can lack motivation and energy. This in the long run can cause them to start neglecting the responsibilities. Using alcohol or drugs – Some people can turn to alcohol, cigarettes or drugs. This can help the body to relax, but over-use can cause more damage to the body in the long run. Nervous habits – Stress can cause you to start certain habits. This can include for example, nail biting or pacing up and down. All signs and symptoms can be serious and need to be checked out. A visit to your General Practitioner is advised for a check-up and for reassurance. However, one thing to remember is that everyone deals with stress in different ways. 9. 2Describe factors that tend to trigger own stress The situations and pressures that cause stress can be known as stressors. Stressors are commonly known as negative factors such as a tiring work schedule or financial problems. However, anything that puts high demand on the body and forces the body to change or adjust can be stressful. There are positive factors in life that can also cause stress and an example of this could be getting married or buying a house. Stress can be caused by both internal and external factors. External factors are commonly known as the things that we can see that we have no control over. Internal factors are commonly known as factors that are self-generated. This can be as a result of worrying over something that may or may not happen. What causes stress depends on the way in which we handle things. Everybody handles stress in different ways and no two people are the same. Whereas one person may find that having to queue is stressful, another person may feel that it can be quite relaxing as it gives you time to think. There are a number of factors that trigger stress and can include the following; ? Major life changes – The body gets into a routine when we carry out everyday tasks and jobs. We get used to things that we have to do. Major life changes can cause the body to go into shock and can cause stress. You may feel such situation difficult to handle and not know what to do. Examples of major life changes can include injury, illness or bereavement. The body goes into shock as this is the body’s way of dealing with such situation. ?Work Factors – You get into a routine at work and know how to handle things. A change in routine or pressures to meet work targets can cause stress. You may not know how to handle a situation or are unsure about carrying out a certain task. The body becomes stressed and you may not know what to do. One situation that I have found that can cause stress at work is dealing with difficult situations. In the event of an emergency bell going, the body kicks into action and you can become stressed. It can be a result as of change in situation or even the case that you feel things should be done differently. Stress can be handled in different ways and it is learning what is best for you. ?Relationship difficulties or family problems – Family can be a common cause of stress. A breakdown in relationship or arguments can cause stress. The body does not know how to handle situations and becomes stressed. Something may not be going the way you want, or someone maybe doing something that you disagree with. The body becomes stressed and can cause more problems as makes the situation more difficult to deal with. ?Financial problems – Money can be a big factor where stress is concerned. Earning too little or big bills can cause stress. You may feel that you are doing everything you can, but you are still not able to get on top of things. ?Being too busy – Work over-load or taking on too much responsibility can trigger stress. You may find there is not enough time to do things or not enough hours in the day. Stress becomes a factor and everything starts to become too much. 9. 3Evaluate strategies for managing stress Everybody has different ways of dealing with stress. Although one method of coping with stress may work for one person, it may not work for another. It is about finding what is best for you and using methods that are best suited to you and your lifestyle. If one way does not work for you, move on to a different way and find the method that works best. It can be said that it is about trial and error. You are the only person that can do something about your stress levels, from changing your lifestyle to asking for help and support. Physical Strategies – what you feel You need to maintain good sleeping patterns. Maintaining proper sleep can help you to cope with stress. Lack of sleep over a long period of time can cause depressions. When you are tired and run down, stress affects you more. You need to watch your diet. Caffeine intake can raise your stress levels considerably. A well balanced diet can improve your ability to cope with stress. An exercise program is a good way of managing stress. If you are in good physical shape, you are better able to tolerate stress. Through exercise, you are able to re-focus your attention and release stress and tension. Perceptual Strategies – what you see Diverse tactics are a good way of managing stress. When you feel yourself becoming stressed and uptight, diverse your attention elsewhere. This could include anything from hobbies to a favourite television program. In order to manage stress, you need to be able to focus your attention. You need to learn to ignore what is making you become uptight and focus on what is relaxing. Focus on things that make you happy and comfortable. Cognitive Strategies – what you think You need to stop trying to make yourself perfect. Although everyone wants to be the best that they can, you are who you are. By wanting to make yourself perfect, you are almost asking the impossible. You are going to raise your stress levels and make yourself something that you are not. It is about treating yourself to the things that you know you like and enjoying them. This can be anything from sweet treats, to hobby time or even time away. It is about making the most of the time you have. Stress and managing stress can also be related to self appraisal. You need to learn to think differently about things and evaluate the situation. Were there things that could have been done differently? Could you have used your time differently? Did it make you happy? Using self appraisal can help to reduce stress levels by managing you and your time differently. Affective Strategies – how you feel You need to be able to enjoy your life and those around you. It is about taking time out for yourself and doing the things that you enjoy. If you do not feel happy around people, try and make new friends. You need to be able to express your feelings openly. If you need to cry, cry and if you need to laugh, laugh. Do not keep feelings and emotions inside as this can help to increase your stress levels immensely. It is about managing your emotions and how you feel. Try not to take life too seriously and enjoy the good times! Environmental Strategies – what is around you In order to manage stress, you need to take time out from stressful situations. You need to engage yourself in things that you find relaxing and take time out for yourself. You need to keep yourself calm and focused in order to help manage stress levels. You need to try and avoid situations where possible, that make you stressed or anxious. I find myself that avoiding big crowds of people can sometimes help to relieve stress levels. You need to make the most of support around you. Ask for help from friends and families to help you through tough times. Asking for help does not mean that you have admitted defeat; it means that you are trying to make the better of something and improve upon your situation. 10Understand procedures regarding handling medication 10. 1Describe the main points of agreed procedures about handling medication There are acts that cover handling of medication that Companies need to adhere to keep in line with national policies and procedures. Outcome 9 of the Health and Social Care Act 2008 covers handling medication. The Management of Medicines Regulation 13 covers what companies should be doing to handle medication correctly. It ensures that service users will have their medicines at the times that they need them and in a safe way. Wherever possible, it ensures that all information regarding these medications is made available to service users at all times. It also covers where others are acting on a service user’s behalf. Such Outcome ensures that the company who complies with the regulation will handle medicines securely, safely and appropriately. It will ensure that all medicines and prescribed and are given safely. It will also ensure that Companies will follow published guidelines about how to use medicines safely. Handling Medicines in Social Care Settings Guidance 2007 covers the correct handling of medication. The purpose of this document is to provide professional guidance for people who are involved in handling medicines in every social care setting. The guidance given is based on good practice and current legislation. The Guidance ensures that every registered provider, such as a care home, and the care service manager are jointly responsible for the safe and appropriate handling of all medicines in the setting. It ensures that the company has written policies and procedures in place for all aspects of handling medication. It ensures that the registered care homes have competent and trained care workers administering and handling medication at all times. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain – Main points for handling medication – This is a booklet for social care settings. The purpose of the booklet is to provide guidance for people in social care who are involved with the handling of medications. Social care settings can check local regulations and legislation at any time. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain outlines situations that may arise from handling medications. It outlines principles of safe handling of medication and explains how such principles relate to specific services. It outlines procedures and methods that work in line with best practice and represents good professional practice. Medication in a social care setting is the responsibility of trained Nurses. Staff do not have any responsibilities for medication unless they have received adequate training. As an NVQ Level 2 or 3 Carer, you cannot handle or administer medication without the appropriate training. Care providers are responsible for assessing a Care Worker’s competence to give medicines to the people that they care for. They should not make assumptions based on that care worker’s previous experience. Even when care staff do not routinely give medicines, it is important to know; †¢Whether the person has any medicines †¢What the medicines are and how they should be taken †¢What conditions the medicines are intended to treat. Agreed Procedures for handling medication Obtaining – This must be done by a responsible person (normally the trained nurse) working within locally defined protocols. There are three main groups of medication as defined by the Medicines Act 1968 and these are; †¢General Sale List (GSL) These medicines can be purchased from any shop. †¢Pharmacy Only (PO) These medicines can only be purchased from a pharmacy. †¢Prescription Only Medicines (POM) These medicines can only be obtained with a prescription. In care and domiciliary settings many medication orders will be repeat prescriptions. Obtaining the correct medication for individuals will be the responsibility of the trained nurse. It will be their responsibility to ensure that dosages match with the prescriptions. Storing – All medication needs to be stored in a clean, lockable, secure facility so that they cannot be mixed up with other people’s medicines and cannot be stolen. If a drug’s trolley is used, it must be secured to the wall when not in use and be big enough to store all required medication. The keys should be stored in a safe place or on the trained nurse, and not be left lying around. Administering – All organisations should have in place their own local policies and procedures for the safe administration of medication for that particular care setting. ‘Safe administration’ is defined as medicines given in such a way as to avoid causing harm to the person taking the medicine. Medicines must never be removed from their original containers or bottles in which they were dispensed by the pharmacist. Staff must always follow set procedures within their care settings and adhere to the main principals of safe administration. In many social care settings this will be the responsibility of the trained nurse and you will not administer any medication to individuals. In order to administer medication correctly, the trained nurse needs to; †¢Identify the medication correctly †¢Administer the correct dosage †¢Identify the person correctly †¢Know what the medicine is intended to do †¢Know whether any special precautions are needed Medicine must only be dispensed from its original container at the time of administration for the person for whom it is intended. It must never be decanted into another container or given to someone at a later time. Recording – Medicines are the property of the service user for whom they are prescribed, however, providers are required to keep records of medicine used by service users, ensure that there are regular reviews of medication being taken by service users and a record kept within the service user’s care/support plan. All medication records should be referenced back to the original prescription and not the previous Medicine Administration Record (MAR) chart. An up to date record of current medication prescribed for each service user must be maintained. Medicine records should be kept together in one place. MAR charts need to be completed at the time of administering medication. 10. 2Explain why medication must only be handled following specialist training Medication errors happen, but when they do it is important that there is a ‘no blame’ policy that encourages staff to report errors immediately. An error in the administration of a medicine can be at best inconvenient or at worse fatal. Common medications errors include the following; †¢Under administration By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of under administration. The administration of medication needs to tally with the dosage. Insufficient training may mean that not enough medication is given. The dosage is too low and thus will not be treating the service user in the appropriate way. †¢Over administration By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of over administration. The administration of medication needs to tally with the dosage. Insufficient training may mean that too much medication is given. The dosage is too high or too strong and thus will not be treating the service user in the appropriate way. This can have serious implications on the service user’s health and medical advice should be sought immediately. †¢Incorrect medication – Should medication be administered by people that have not had specialist training; you run the risk of administering the incorrect medication. You may not know how to identify the correct medication. By administering after specialist training, you are ensuring that the correct medication is given and matches up with the patient’s records. †¢Incorrect prescription By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of an incorrect prescription. The prescription may not match with the medication. Specialist training can help to identify such issues and ensure that you know how to go about dealing with them. †¢Non administration By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of non administration. By having insufficient training, you may not know when and how to administer medication and thus likely to miss administering. †¢Non recording – Should medication be administered by people that have not had specialist training, you may not know how to record medicines in the correct way. Such specialist training will ensure that you know how to read and complete the MAR chart correctly. It ensures that all medication is recorded in the correct way to adhere to local and national policies and procedures. †¢Administration of a wrong medicine to a wrong service user By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of administering the wrong medicine to the wrong service user. You need to be able to identify the correct service user and administer the correct medication. Incorrect or insufficient training can result in the wrong medication being given. †¢Administration at wrong time – By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of administering at the wrong time. Certain medications need to be given at certain times. This will be recorded on the medication and on the MAR chart. Such training ensures you know how to check and follow when medication needs to be given. All of the above points can also be the result of someone being inadequately trained. By ensuring that the trained nurse is responsible for the medicines, you are putting the welfare of the individuals’ first. It prevents such errors occurring and thus putting individual’s at risk. 10. 3Explain the consequences of handling medication without specialist training Handling medication without training is illegal and does not follow company protocol. Through lack of training, you run the risk of administering incorrect medicine and dosage. At its best, this can be inconvenient for the Company and the service user. At its worst, this can prove fatal for the service user or can create serious adverse effects. Through specialist training, you are taught how to record the administration of medication. Without such training, you are running the risk of not recording and not knowing how to record medication. This can have serious consequences. The next person to administer medication may not know they have previously had some if it is not recorded. This can result in an over dose for the service user and can have serious implications. At its worst, this can result in death. Through lack of training, you may not know about medications and their dosage. You may also not be aware of side effects and adverse reactions. Such implications can result in further illness. It can cause the service user’s health to deteriorate and can have long term health effects. Worst case scenario is that it can result in death. Insufficient training puts the safety and welfare of the service users at risk. They are in your care, and their health and well-being needs to be paramount at all times. Also, through inconsistency and lack of training, service user’s confidence can be affected. It can be said that they are putting their lives in your hands. They need to know that you are competent and knowledgeable in what you are doing. They need to know that they can trust you and that you know what you are doing. Lack of training can result in service user’s not trusting you to give them their medication. This can have serious implications on their health and is it means that are not being treated appropriately and can make health conditions worse. By administering medication without lack of training, you are not complying with the Care Quality Commission (CQC) essential standards of quality and safety. You are also not complying with Company policies and procedures. You are risking your career and job. Through the company, you can face disciplinary action which can lead to dismissal. Through the Care Quality Commission you can face prosecution and losing your pin so that you are unable to work as a Nurse again. The consequences of handling medication without specialist training are huge and can have life changing results. To handle and administer medication, you need to ensure that you are appropriately trained and following company and national protocol. You can cause serious health implications and even death to others, and can face loss of job or prosecution yourself.
Sunday, October 13, 2019
Problems Of The Aging Health And Social Care Essay
Problems Of The Aging Health And Social Care Essay for death from cancer, Management of the elderly cancer patient becomes complex because other chronic conditions, such as osteoarthritis, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and heart disease, must also be considered in their care. The attitude of health care providers towards older adults affect their health care. Unfortunately, research indicates that health care professionals are significantly more negative in their attitudes towards older patients than younger ones. This attitude must change if the health care provider is to have a positive interaction with the elderly patient. These attitude appear to be related to the pervasive stereotyping of the elderly, which serves to justify avoiding care and contact with them, as well as being reminders of our own mortality. Ageism is a term used to describe the stereotyping of and discrimination against elderly persons and is considered to be similar to that of the racism and sexism. It emphasized that frequently the elderly are perceived to be repulsive and that a distaste for the aging process itself exists. Ageism suggests that he majority of elderly are senile, miserable most of the time, and dependent rather than independent individuals. The media have also influenced on going stereotypical notions about the elderly. Health care providers must learn to appreciate the positive aspects of aging so that they can assists the elderly in having a positive experience with their imaging procedure. PHYSICAL, COGNITIVE, AND PSYCHOSOCIAL EFFECTS OF AGING The human body undergoes a multiplicity of physiologic change second by second. Little considerations is given regarding these changes unless they are brought on by sudden physical, psychological, or cognitive events. Radiographers must remember that each elderly person they encounter is a unique individual with distinct characteristics. These individual have experienced a life filled with memories and accomplishment. Young or old, the definition of quality of life is an individual and personal one. Research has shown that health status is an excellent predictor of happiness. Greater social contact, health satisfaction, low vulnerable personality traits, fewer stressful life events have been linked to successful aging. Self-efficacy can be defined as the level of control one has over ones future. Many elderly people feel they have no control over medical emergencies and fixed incomes. Many have fewer choices about their personal living arrangements. These environmental factors can lead to depression and decreased self-efficacy. An increase in illness will usually parallel a decrease in self-efficacy. The elderly may experience changing roles from life of independence. The family role of an adult caring for children and grandchildren may evolved into the children caring for their caring aging parents. It is also a time of loss. Losses may include the death of a spouse and friends, as well as loss of income due to retirement. The loss of health may be the reason for the health care visit. The overall loss control may lead to isolation and depression in the elderly. Death and dying is also an imminent fact of life. The aging process alone does not likely alter the essential core of human being. Physical illness is not aging, and age-related changes in the body are often modest in magnitude. As one ages, the tendencies to prefer slower-paced activities, take longer to learn new tasks, become more forgetful, and lose portions of sensory processing skills increase slowly but perceptibly. Health care professionals need to be reminded that aging and disease are not synonymous. The more closely a function is tied to physical capabilities, the more likely it is to decline with age, whereas the closer a function depends on experience, the more likely it will increase with age. Joint stiffness, weight gain, fatigue and loss of bone mass can be slowed through proper nutritional interventions and low-impact exercise. The importance of exercise cannot be overstated . Exercise has been shown increase aerobic capacity and mental speed. Exercise programs designed for the elderly should emphasized increased strength, flexibility, and endurance. One of the best predictors of good health in later years is the number and extent of healthy lifestyles that were established in earlier life. The elderly person may shown decreases in attention skills during complex tasks. Balance , coordination, strength and reaction time all decrease with age. Falls associated with balance problems are common in the elderly population, resulting in a need to concentrate on walking. Not overwhelming them with instructions is helpful. Their hesitation to follow instructions may be fear instilled from a previous fall. Sight, hearing, taste and smell are all sensory modalities that decline with age. Older people have more difficulty with bright lights and tuning out background noise. Many elderly people become adept at lip reading to compensate for loss of hearing. For radiographers to assume that all elderly patients are hard of hearing is not usual; they are not talking in a normal tone, while making volume adjustments only if necessary, is a good rule of thumb. Speaking slowly, directly, and distinctly when giving instructions allows older adults an opportunity to sort through directions and improves their ability to follow them with better accuracy. Cognitive impairment in the elderly can be caused by disease, aging, and disuse. Dementia is defined as progressive cognitive impairment that eventually interferes with daily functioning. It includes cognitive, psychologic, and functional deficits including memory impairment. With normal aging comes a slowing down and a gradual wearing out of bodily systems bit it does not include dementia . Yet the prevalence of dementia increases with age. Persistent disturbances in cognitive functioning, including memory and intellectual ability, accompany dementia. Fears of cognitive loss, especially Alzheimers disease, are widespread among older people. Alzheimers disease is the most common form of dementia. Therefore health care professionals are more likely to encounter people with this type. The majority of elderly people work at maintaining and keeping their mental functions by staying active through mental games and exercises and keeping engaged in regular conversation. When caring for pati ents with any degree of dementia, verbal conversation should be inclusive and respectful. One should never discuss the patients as through they are not in the room or are not active participants in the procedure. One of the first questions asked of any patient entering a health care facilities for emergency service Do you know where you are and what day it is? The health care providers need to know just how alert the patient is. Although memory does decline with age, this is experienced mostly with short-term memory tasks. Long-term memory or subconscious memory tasks show little change over time and with increasing age. There can be a variety of reasons for confusion or disorientation. Medication, psychiatric disturbance, or retirement can confuse the patient. For some older people, retirement means creating a new set routines and adjusting to them. The majority of elders like structure in their lives and have familiar routines for approaching each day. PHYSIOLOGY OF AGING Health and well- being depend largely on the degree to which organ systems can successfully work together to maintain internal stability, With age, there is apparently a gradual impairment of these homeostatic mechanisms. Elderly people experience nonuniform, gradual, ongoing organ function failure in all systems. Many of the body organs gradually lose strength with advancing age. These changes place the elderly at risk for disease or dysfunction, especially in the presence of stress. At some point the likelihood of illness, disease and death increases. Various physical diseases and disorder affect both mental and physical health of people of all ages. They are more profound among elderly people because diseases and disorders among older people are more likely to be chronic in nature. Although aging is inevitable, the aging experience is highly individual and is affected by heredity, lifestyle choices physical health, and attitude. A great portion of usual aging risks can be modified with positive shifts in life style. In elderly, the aging of the organs systems is one of the process where they need to understands and there are as list below: Integumentary systems disorders Nervous systems disorders Sensory systems disorders Musculoskeletal systems disorders Cardiovascular systems disorders Gastrointestinal system disorder Immune system decline Respiratory system disorder Hematologic system disorders Genitourinary systems disorders Endocrine systems disorders. THE RADIOGRAPHERS ROLE The role of the radiographer is no different than that of all other health professionals. The whole person must be treated, not just the manifested symptoms of an illness or injury. Medical imaging and therapeutic procedures reflect the impact of ongoing systemic aging in documentable and visual forms. Adapting procedures to accommodate disabilities and disease of geriatric patients is a critical responsibility and a challenge based almost exclusively on the radiographers knowledge, abilities, and skill. An understanding of the physiology and pathology of aging, in addition to an awareness of the economic the social, psychologic, cognitive, and economic aspects of aging, are required to meet the needs of the elderly population. Conditions typically associated with elderly patient invariably require adaptations or modifications of routine imaging procedures. The radiographer must be able to differentiate between age related changes and disease processes. Production of diagnostic image s requiring professional decision making to compensate for physiologic changes, while maintaining the compliance, safety, and comfort of the patient, is foundation of the contract between the elderly patient and the radiographer. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING FOR GERIATRIC PATIENTS The preceding discussions and understanding of the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial effects of aging can help radiographers adapt to the positioning challenges of the geriatric patient. In come cases routine examinations need to be modified to accommodate the limitation, safety, and comfort of the patient. Communicating clear instructions with the patient is important. The following discussion addresses positioning suggestion for various structures. The common radiography examinations for geriatrics are: Chest Spine Pelvis/hip Upper extremity Lower extremity CHEST The position of choice for the chest radiograph is the upright position; however, the elderly patient may not be able to stand without assistance for this examination. The traditional posteroanterior (PA) position is to have the backs of hands on hips. This may be difficult for someone with impaired balance and flexibility. The radiographer can allow the patient to warp his or her arms around the chest stands as a means of support and security. The patient may not be able to maintain his or her arms over the head for lateral projection of the chest. Provide extra security and stability while moving the arms up and forwards. When the patient cannot stands, The examination may be done seated in a wheelchair, but some issues will affected the radiographic quality. First, the radiologist need to be aware that the radiograph is an anteroposterior (AP) instead of a PA projection, which may make comparison difficult. Hyperkyphosis can result in the lung apices being obscured, and the abdomen may obscure the lung bases. In sitting position, respiration may be compromised, and the patient should be instructed on the importance of a deep inspiration. Positioning of the image receptor for kyphotic patient should be higher than normal because the shoulder and apices are in a higher position. Radiographic landmarks may change with age, and the centering may need to be lower, if the patient is extremely kyphotic. When positioning the patient for the sitting lateral chest projection, the radiographer should place a large sponge behind the patient to lean him or her forward. Sitting Chest PA Chest Standing SPINE Radiographic spine examinations may be painful for the patient suffering from osteoporosis who is lying on the x-ray table. Positioning aids such as radiolucent sponge, sandbags, and a mattress may be used as long as the quality, of the image is not compromised. Performing upright radiographic examination may be also appropriate if a patient can safely tolerate this position. The combination of cervical lordosis and thoracic kyphosis can make positioning and visualization of the cervical and thoracic spine difficult. Lateral cervical projections can be done with the patient standings, sitting, or lying supine. The AP projection in the sitting position may not visualized the upper cervical vertebrae because the chin may obscure this anatomy. In the supine position the head may not reach the table and result in magnification. The AP and open-mouth projection are difficult to do in wheelchair. The thoracic and lumbar spines are sites for compression fractures. The use of positioning blocks may be necessary to help the patient remain in position. For the lateral projection, a lead blocker or shield behind the spine should be used to absorb as much scatter radiation as possible. Lateral Spine PELVIS/HIP Osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and injuries as the result of falls contribute to hip pathologies. A common fracture in the elderly is the femoral neck. An AP projection of the pelvis should be done to examine the hip. If indication is trauma, the radiographer should not attempt to rotate the limbs. The second view taken should be a cross-table lateral of the affected hip. If hip pain is the indication, assist the patient to internal rotation of the legs with the use of sandbags if necessary. Immobilization device are place to the patient foot. UPPER EXTREMITY Positioning the geriatric patient for projections of the upper extremities can present its own challenges. Often the upper extremities have limited flexibility and mobility. A cerebrovascular accident or stroke may cause contractures of the affected limb. Contracted limbs cannot be forced into position, and cross-table views may need to be done. The inability of the patient to move his or her limb should not be interpreted as a lack of cooperation. Supination is often a problem in patients with contractures, fractures, and paralysis. The routine AP and lateral projections can be supported with the use of sponges, sandbags, and blocks to raise and support the extremity being imaged. The shoulder is also a site decreased mobility, dislocation, and fractures. The therapist should assess how much movement the patient can do before attempting to move the arm. The use of finger sponges may also help with the contractures of the fingers. Hand Projection Lateral Wrist LOWER EXTREMITY The lower extremities may have limited flexibility and mobility. The ability to dorsiflex the ankle may be reduced as a result of neurologic disorders. Imaging on the x-ray table may need to be modified when a patient cannot turn on his or her side. Flexion of the knee may be impaired and required a cross-table lateral projection. If tangential projection of the patella, such as the Settegast method, is necessary and the patient can turn on his or her side, place the image receptor superior to the knee and direct to central ray perpendicular through the patellofemoral joint. Projections of the feet and ankles may be obtained with the patient sitting in the wheelchair. The use of positioning sponges and sandbags support and maintain the position of the body part being imaged. AP Ankle Projection Lateral Ankle Projection PATIENT CARE Patient care must be apply to geriatric patient because they all are all fragile where their bone can easily broke or they can be easily fainted during the examination. For communications, take time to educate the patient and his or her family, speak lower and closer, and treat the patient with dignity and respect. Transportation and lifting patient are also be need because geriatrics patient is not stronger than normal person. If possible, give the patient time to rest between projection and procedures. Avoid adhesive tape because elderly skin is thin and fragile. Provide warm blankets in cold examination rooms, use table pads and hands rails and always access the patients medical history before contrast media is administered. Take time with the patient Immobilization Device CONCLUSION The imaging professional will continue to see a change in health care delivery system with the dramatic shift in the population of persons older than age 65. This shift in the general population is resulting in an ongoing increase in the number of medical imaging procedures preformed on elderly patients. Demographic and social effects aging determine the way in which the elderly adapt to and view the process of aging. An individuals family size and perceptions of aging, economic resources, gender , race, ethnicity, social class, and the availability and delivery of health care will affect the quality of the aging experience. Biologic age will be much more critical than chronologic aging when determining the health status of the elderly. Healthier lifestyles and advancement in medical treatment will create a generation of successfully aging adults, which in turn should decrease the negative stereotyping of the elderly person. Attitudes of all health care professionals, whether positiv e or negative, will affect the care provided to be growing elderly population. Education about the mental and physiologic alterations associated with aging, along with the cultural, economic and social influences accompanying aging, enables the radiographer to adapt imaging and therapeutic procedures to the elderly patients disabilities resulting from age-related changes. The human body undergoes a multiplicity of physiologic changes and failure in all systems. The aging experience is affected by heredity, lifestyle choices, physical health, and attitude, making it highly individualized. No individuals aging process is predictable and is never exactly the same as that of any other individual. Radiologic technologists must use their knowledge, abilities, and skills to adjust imaging procedures to accommodate for disabilities and disease encountered with geriatric patients. Safety and comfort of the patient is essential in maintaining compliance throughout imaging procedures. Implementation of skills such as good communication, listening, sensitivity, and empathy, all lead to patient compliance. Knowledge of age-related changes and disease process will enhance the radiographers ability to provide diagnostic information and treatment when providing care that meets the needs of the increasing elderly patient population.
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